Scientific Illustration

Coronal Cross Section of the Upper Arm

Labeled realistically painted illustration of cross section of upper arm depicting multiple muscles and other anatomical structures

Project Type

Academic
MSC2001, MScBMC
University of Toronto

Supervisors

Prof. Michael Corrin, MScBMC

Dr. Anne Agur, PhD
University of Toronto

Duration

November 2019

Tools

Adobe Illustrator
Clip Studio Paint

Introduction

Created for the "Show me the Unseeable" assignment, this project's main goal was to depict a life-like, anatomically correct structure that could not be directly observed in real life.

Special attention was paid to to the sheen and cut ends of the muscles to bring the piece to life. Keeping in mind the need for more normalized LGBTQ+ representation in the biomedical field, a top surgery scar was added to the subject as well.

Process

Thumbnails

Initial concepts varied in body angle and cross section shape. Ease of anatomical understanding was weighed against the aesthetics of the compositions.

Collage of five loose grayscale sketches of a cross section of the arm
Combining both aesthetics and anatomy, poses were inspired by classical works of art throughout history.

3D Maquette

An anatomically sound 3D maquette was used to approximate the locations of the internal anatomy at different layers.

Three images of color-coded 3D model of upper arm
Model data from Anatomography.

Draft and Revision

Drafts were created and revised based on existing anatomical references of related structures and feedback from Dr. Anne Agur.

Two labeled and color-coded sketches of cross section of upper arm

Render

To make the piece come to life, the sheen and colors of the internal structures were slightly exaggerrated. In particular, veins were colored blue for the purpose of anatomical education.

Four digital paintings of upper arm in increasing detail and finish

Final

Following peer feedback, changes were made to cephalic vein and chest area for better readability. Labels were added as the final touch.

Labeled realistically painted illustration of cross section of upper arm depicting multiple muscles and other anatomical structures

References

  1. Agur, A.M.R. and Dalley, A.F. 2012 Grant's Atlas of Anatomy, 13th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  2. Rohen, J.W., Weinreb, E.L, and Yokochi, C. 1989 Photographic Anatomy of the Human Body, 3rd ed. Tokyo: IGAKU-SHOIN Ltd.
  3. Anatomography. Database Center for Life Science. https://lifesciencedb.jp/bp3d